NEW YORK — Wall Street plunged Thursday, sending the Dow Jones industrials down more than 340 points as retailers and the Labor Department added to the mountain of dismal economic news that has all but dashed investors’ hopes for a late-year recovery.

The market was already nervous as it waited for the government to release its August employment report today. So news from the nation’s major retailers that shoppers curtailed their spending last month due to higher gas and food prices came as a heavy blow.

Walmart Stores Inc., the world’s largest retailer, beat expectations because of its big discounts, but many teen retailers and luxury chains did poorly, a sign that consumers are spending mostly on essentials and putting discretionary buying on hold.

Meanwhile, the Labor Department said new applications for unemployment insurance rose by 15,000 last week from the previous week. That broadly missed expectations for a fourth-straight week of declines, heightening worries that the average American — already feeling the effects of the weak housing market — will have even less means to spend.

Furthermore, if the job market keeps deteriorating, it is tough for Wall Street to see a rebound in sight for the economy’s biggest culprit: the tumbling housing market.

“You have to have a paycheck to pay that mortgage,” said Craig Peckham, market strategist at Jefferies & Co.

The numbers released Thursday were a sign that despite some upbeat reports over the past month, the economy remains deeply troubled. Investors are not expecting any promising news in the August jobs report, particularly after the ADP National Employment Report said that private sector employment decreased in August by 33,000. Economists are predicting the government to report the eighth straight monthly payrolls drop, and a rise in the unemployment rate.

An economic recovery appears to be far off to investors — and with the Dow down more than 15 percent for the year so far, they don’t appear to be holding out for a significant upturn in stocks, either.

“We’re seeing nothing but sellers,” said Ted Oberhaus, director of equity trading at Lord, Abbett & Co. “In a bear market, you sort of really don’t need an excuse to sell.”

The Dow fell 344.65, or 2.99 percent, to 11,188.23. It was the worst drop for the blue-chip index since June 26, when it fell more than 358 points, or 3.03 percent.

Not even another drop in oil could console investors. After the government reported a lower-than-expected drop in U.S. gasoline and crude supplies, light sweet crude fell $1.46 to settle at $107.89 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange. Crude is about $30 below its July 11 high of $147.27.